Música oaxaqueña refers to the rich regional music traditions of Oaxaca, Mexico, spanning wind-band repertoire (bandas de viento), string-and-voice song forms (son istmeño, chilena oaxaqueña, jarabes and waltzes), and ceremonial processional music heard in community fiestas and religious calendar rites.
Characteristically, Oaxacan wind bands feature clarinets, trumpets, cornets, trombones, saxophones, tuba/sousaphone, and a percussion battery (snare, bass drum, cymbals), performing dance-derived genres like chilena (often in 6/8 with cross‑rhythms), pasodoble, polka, danzón, and waltz, alongside solemn marches. In coastal and isthmus ensembles, strings (guitar/reharmonized requinto), violin, and occasionally marimba appear, supporting lyrical melodies and call‑and‑response vocals.
Lyrics may be in Spanish or indigenous languages (Zapotec, Mixtec, Mixe, Mazatec), frequently celebrating hometown pride, patron-saint festivities, love and nostalgia for migration, and communal reciprocity (guelaguetza). The sound ranges from festive and dancing to deeply sentimental, with iconic Oaxacan waltzes and sones recognized across Mexico.