Bobby Shmurda

New York drill is a regional evolution of drill rap that fuses the cold, sliding-808 aesthetic and syncopated drum programming of UK drill with the cadence, slang, and swagger of New York street rap. Its sound is defined by menacing minor-key melodies, heavy sub-bass glides, tightly chopped vocal ad-libs, and aggressive, staccato flows. Lyrically it is confrontational and direct, often centering on neighborhood rivalries, status, and survival, while also spawning signature dances and crowd-call moments that translate to clubs and social media virality. The style first coalesced in Brooklyn in the late 2010s and quickly spread to the Bronx, where a faster, sample-driven “club” twist accelerated the scene’s crossover to mainstream audiences.

Ratchet music is a minimalist, club-focused strain of West Coast hip hop that coalesced in the early 2010s, most closely associated with Los Angeles producer DJ Mustard. It emphasizes sparse drum programming built from 808 kicks, handclaps, crisp hi‑hats, and simple percussive fills; bouncy tempos around 95–105 BPM; short, catchy synth or piano stabs; and a weighty sub‑bass that leaves ample space for vocals. Culturally and lyrically, it channels “ratchet” party culture and slang—rooted in Louisiana (notably Shreveport’s nickname “Ratchet City”) and amplified by the L.A. party scene—favoring braggadocio, nightlife, flirtation, and chant‑able hooks over dense lyricism. The result is a stripped‑down, hook‑driven sound engineered for dance floors and radio rotation.

The Wave is a loosely defined cluster of American post-hardcore/emo bands that surged in the early 2010s as emo-pop’s mainstream moment faded. The name was a tongue‑in‑cheek scene tag that stuck in press coverage, but it points to a real overlap in sound, ethos, and touring networks. Musically, The Wave fuses the urgency of 1990s post‑hardcore and screamo with confessional, literate lyric writing associated with emo. Expect shouted or half‑sung/half‑spoken vocals, dynamic quiet‑loud builds, intricate but driving drums, and guitar textures that shift between glassy clean arpeggios and overdriven, emotive climaxes. The songs often emphasize catharsis, narrative detail, and community-minded DIY presentation.

Trap boricua is the Puerto Rican strain of Latin trap: a Spanish-language take on Southern U.S. trap aesthetics fused with the island’s reggaetón DNA and hip‑hop tradition. It is characterized by halftime 4/4 grooves (typically 65–75 BPM, or 130–150 BPM counted double‑time), heavy 808 sub-bass with slides, skittering 1/16 hi‑hats and triplet rolls, crisp claps/snares on the halftime backbeat, and atmospheric pads or minor‑key synth motifs. Vocals often mix melodic Auto‑Tuned hooks with gritty rap verses, switching between rapid‑fire syllables and laid‑back flows. Lyrically, artists blend barrio storytelling, bravado (fronteo), luxury and street codes with Puerto Rican slang, while also opening space for romance, introspection, and social commentary. The sound frequently hybrids with reggaetón (dembow cadences), R&B, and drill, making it both club‑ready and mood‑driven.

South Florida SoundCloud rap is a mid‑2010s underground rap movement centered in Miami‑Dade and Broward County that spread via SoundCloud’s frictionless, DIY upload culture. It is characterized by blown‑out 808s, intentionally clipping mixes, short track lengths, and confrontational, shouted vocals that borrow the energy of hardcore punk and metal. Producers favor minimal, abrasive sound design: distorted subs, serrated synth stabs, snappy claps, and frenetic hi‑hat patterns, often delivered at brisk tempos and mastered to the edge for raw impact. Lyrically, songs swing between anarchic provocation, mosh‑pit bravado, and confessional melancholy, with an anti‑establishment, anti‑polish ethos baked into both the music and visuals. The scene coalesced around collectives and friend networks, drop‑and‑delete single culture, and viral breakout moments, turning local Florida bedrooms and garages into export hubs for a new, aggressive strain of internet rap.

Trap pesado is a Brazilian substyle of trap characterized by hard‑hitting, saturated 808s, clipped kicks, and ominous, minor‑key melodies. It emphasizes density and impact: dark pads or detuned synth leads sit under tight snare rolls and rapid, syncopated hi‑hats, while bass slides and distortion push the low end to the front. Lyrically it leans toward street realism, braggadocio, and nightlife imagery, often reflecting Brazil’s contemporary urban scenes. Compared with more melodic or plug‑influenced variants, trap pesado favors an aggressive, weighty mix and a colder, grittier mood designed for both club sound systems and headphone impact.

Bass trap is a high-energy electronic dance music style that merges trap’s halftime hip-hop drum language with festival-scale sound design. It is defined by hard-hitting 808-style sub-bass, punchy snare/clap patterns, rapid hi-hat figures, and aggressive synth or bass “growls” borrowed from modern bass music. Tracks are typically built for big drops and crowd impact, using tension-heavy builds, sudden silences, and explosive low-end releases.

Beats is a loose, producer-driven category for rhythm-forward instrumentals built around hip‑hop drum patterns without necessarily being rap songs or featuring vocals. It functions as an umbrella for stock, "type," and backing tracks used by rappers, singers, streamers, and content creators, spanning boom‑bap swing to trap hi‑hat grids and R&B‑leaning grooves. On streaming platforms it often appears as standalone instrumentals packaged by tempo, mood, or artist style (e.g., “trap type beat,” “R&B instrumental,” “club beat”), prioritizing portability and utility over artist identity. While rooted in hip‑hop production aesthetics—kicks, snares, 808s, chopped samples—Beats blends downtempo, electronic, and contemporary R&B sensibilities, aiming for clarity, loopability, and immediate vibe.

Classify is a streaming-era microgenre that blends light classical technique with contemporary pop repertoire, typically presented as unobtrusive instrumental covers. It prioritizes soft dynamics, gentle tempos, and intimate recording to create a calm, elegant backdrop suitable for studying, working, or events. Most arrangements are for solo piano, string quartet, cello/piano duos, or small chamber ensembles. Harmonies remain diatonic and consonant, melodies are clearly voiced, and textures favor arpeggios, ostinati, and sustained legato lines. The overall aesthetic borrows from modern classical and new age moods while retaining the familiarity of pop song forms.

Melodic drill is a substyle of drill rap that blends the dark, sliding 808s and syncopated drum programming of UK and New York drill with tuneful, often Auto‑Tuned hooks and emotive toplines. It typically uses minor‑key piano, guitar, or vocal‑chop loops, and favors spacious, reverb‑washed textures that leave room for singers and sing‑rap flows. While it keeps drill’s street‑reportage and coded slang, its songwriting leans toward catchy choruses, bittersweet melodies, and themes of loss, ambition, and love alongside grit. In clubs and on social media, the style’s hook‑forward writing and accessible harmonies helped it cross from the streets to mainstream pop playlists.

Melodic dubstep is a song-oriented, emotionally expressive branch of dubstep that blends the genre’s half-time drums and sound-design-heavy drops with lush chord progressions, cinematic atmospheres, and vocal-led songwriting. It typically sits around 140 BPM (often written and perceived in half-time), using supersaw stacks, plucky arps, and wide pads drawn from trance and progressive house, while retaining dubstep’s punchy kicks, snare-on-3 backbeat, and bass-focused drops. Compared to aggressive brostep, melodic dubstep prioritizes memorable toplines, warm harmonies, and dramatic builds that culminate in cathartic yet tasteful drops. It often features lyrical themes of longing, hope, and resilience, making it common in vocal collaborations and festival-ready singalongs.

Future house is a mid‑2010s strain of house music known for rubbery, plucked bass leads, clean and punchy drums, and streamlined, drop‑focused arrangements. It bridges the groove and warmth of deep/UK house with the sheen and impact of big‑room/electro‑house, often featuring metallic or organ‑like bass timbres that “speak” melodically. Typical tracks sit around 124–128 BPM, use tight sidechain compression for a pumping feel, and contrast sparse, atmospheric breakdowns with hooky, syncopated bass drops. Vocals, when present, are concise—often chopped or pitched—and the sound design emphasizes clarity, swing, and a modern, club‑ready polish.

Trap dancehall is a hybrid style that merges midtempo dancehall grooves with trap-derived drum programming. It typically keeps dancehall’s syncopated “dembow”-adjacent swing and emphasis on the offbeat, while adding trap’s crisp 808 kicks, rolling or stuttering hi-hats, snare/ clap placements, and darker, minimal synth or bass textures. The result is club-focused and bouncy but often heavier and more percussive than traditional dancehall, with vocal delivery ranging from Jamaican patois deejaying/singing to rap-influenced flows and melodic hooks.

Trap is a subgenre of hip hop that emerged from the Southern United States, defined by half-time grooves, ominous minor-key melodies, and the heavy use of 808 sub-bass. The style is characterized by rapid, syncopated hi-hat rolls, crisp rimshot/clap on the backbeat, and cinematic textures that convey tension and grit. Lyrically, it centers on street economies, survival, ambition, and introspection, with ad-libs used as percussive punctuation. Production is typically minimal but hard-hitting: layered 808s, sparse piano or bell motifs, dark pads, and occasional orchestral or choir samples. Vocals range from gravelly, staccato deliveries to melodic, Auto-Tuned flows, often using triplet cadences.

East Coast hip hop is a regional style of hip hop that emerged in New York City and the surrounding Northeastern United States. It is characterized by complex lyricism, dense rhyme schemes, gritty urban storytelling, and sample-heavy production that draws from funk, soul, and jazz records. Rhythmically, the sound is often associated with "boom-bap" drum patterns—hard-hitting kicks and crisp snares at moderate tempos—alongside chopped breakbeats, basslines, and DJ techniques such as scratching. The approach places the MC’s voice, cadence, and wordplay at the center, while the producer crafts a textured, crate-dug backdrop. Culturally, East Coast hip hop foregrounds authenticity, social commentary, and competitive MCing, while its crews and collectives (from Juice Crew to Native Tongues and Wu-Tang Clan) helped define hip hop’s golden age and set standards for lyrical excellence and sample-based beatmaking.

Hip hop is a cultural and musical movement that emerged from Black, Latino, and Caribbean communities, centering around rapping (MCing), DJing/turntablism, sampling-based production, and rhythmic speech over beats. It prioritizes groove, wordplay, and storytelling, often reflecting the social realities of urban life. Musically, hip hop is built on drum-centric rhythms (from breakbeats to 808 patterns), looped samples, and bass-forward mixes. Lyrically, it ranges from party anthems and braggadocio to political commentary and intricate poetic forms, with flow, cadence, and rhyme density as core expressive tools. Beyond music, hip hop encompasses a broader culture, historically intertwined with graffiti, b-boying/b-girling (breakdance), fashion, and street entrepreneurship, making it both an art form and a global social language.