Barnaby Brown

Early music is a modern performance movement devoted to the repertoire of the Medieval, Renaissance, and early Baroque eras (roughly before c. 1750), approached with historically informed performance (HIP) practices. It emphasizes period instruments (or faithful replicas), historical tunings and temperaments, original notations and sources, and performance conventions documented in treatises of the time. The sound world ranges from monophonic chant and modal organum, to intricate Renaissance polyphony, to the emergence of basso continuo and dramatic affect in the early Baroque. Rather than being a single historical style, early music is a contemporary practice of reviving diverse pre‑Classical musics with scholarly rigor and artistic vitality.

Pìobaireachd (often anglicized as pibroch; Gaelic for "pipe music") is the classical art music of the Great Highland bagpipe. It is characterized by a theme-and-variations form built on a ground (urlar) followed by increasingly elaborate variation cycles. The music is typically non-metric or flexibly pulsed, with expressive pacing, extensive ornamental movements (such as taorluath and crunluath), and a continuous drone from the bagpipe’s three drones. Tunes are often categorized as laments (cumha), salutes, gatherings, and battle pieces, reflecting ceremonial and commemorative functions within Highland culture. Pìobaireachd is traditionally transmitted both through staff notation and through canntaireachd, a mnemonic vocal system that encodes melody and ornamentation using syllables. The repertoire emphasizes modal melody (commonly mixolydian on the bagpipe’s A) and deep phrasing over harmonic progression.