J.J. Fad

Ratchet music is a minimalist, club-focused strain of West Coast hip hop that coalesced in the early 2010s, most closely associated with Los Angeles producer DJ Mustard. It emphasizes sparse drum programming built from 808 kicks, handclaps, crisp hi‑hats, and simple percussive fills; bouncy tempos around 95–105 BPM; short, catchy synth or piano stabs; and a weighty sub‑bass that leaves ample space for vocals. Culturally and lyrically, it channels “ratchet” party culture and slang—rooted in Louisiana (notably Shreveport’s nickname “Ratchet City”) and amplified by the L.A. party scene—favoring braggadocio, nightlife, flirtation, and chant‑able hooks over dense lyricism. The result is a stripped‑down, hook‑driven sound engineered for dance floors and radio rotation.

Deep tech (often shorthand for deep tech house) is a stripped‑back, groove‑led branch of house/tech house that emphasizes hypnotic repetition, swing, and sound design over big hooks. Typical tracks sit around 124–128 BPM, use tight, shuffling drum programming, and rely on deep sub‑bass, crisp hi‑hats, and minimal, percussive motifs. Harmony tends to be sparse—dubby chords, single‑note stabs, or short pads—leaving space for long DJ‑friendly arrangements. Vocals, if present, are usually snippets or whispered phrases processed with delay and reverb to blend into the texture rather than sit on top. The result is functional and heady: music optimized for long, seamless mixes, late‑night dancefloors, and a rolling, understated energy rather than explosive drops.

Funk melody is a light, romantic, and tuneful branch of Brazilian funk that emerged in Rio de Janeiro in the 1990s. It blends the percussive drive and party ethos of funk carioca with the synth lines, chord progressions, and sung hooks characteristic of Latin freestyle and 1980s electro-pop. Compared with the rawer baile sound, funk melody favors smoother vocals, diatonic chord changes, and memorable choruses over aggressive MC call‑outs. The result is a dancefloor‑ready yet radio‑friendly style whose lyrics often center on love, flirting, nostalgia, and everyday romance.

Miami bass is a high-energy, bass-forward hip hop and electro offshoot that emerged in South Florida during the mid-to-late 1980s. It is defined by booming TR-808 sub-bass, crisp handclaps and snares, uptempo breakbeats, and chant-like vocals that favor call-and-response hooks over dense lyricism. Often nicknamed "booty bass," the style prioritizes dancefloor function and car-audio impact, with many tracks effectively serving as "bass tests" for subwoofers. Melodic and harmonic elements are sparse and repetitive, while the rhythmic programming and low-end power drive the music’s party-centric atmosphere.

Electro is an early 1980s machine-funk style built around drum machines (especially the Roland TR-808), sequenced basslines, and a futuristic, robotic aesthetic. It emphasizes syncopated rhythms, sparse arrangements, and timbres drawn from analog and early digital synthesizers. Vocals, when present, are often delivered via vocoder or rap-style chants, reinforcing a sci‑fi, cyborg persona. Electro’s grooves powered breakdance culture, and its sonic palette—crisp 808 kicks, snappy snares, dry claps, cowbells, and squelchy bass—became foundational to later techno and bass music.

Old school hip hop is the earliest commercially recorded form of hip hop and the original template for the culture’s recorded sound. The term generally refers to music made from the early Bronx party era of 1973 through roughly 1983, before the harder, more sample‑dense “new school” sound took hold. Musically, it centers on extended breakbeats drawn from funk and disco records, live turntable techniques (cutting, backspinning, and early scratching), simple but infectious drum programming (often with the TR‑808), and crowd‑engaging MC routines. Rapping tends to feature clear enunciation, party chants, call‑and‑response, braggadocio, and narrative vignettes, delivered over steady 4/4 grooves in the 95–112 BPM range. Culturally, old school hip hop grew out of DJ‑led block parties, b‑boy/b‑girl dance breaks, and the Jamaican sound‑system tradition, and it codified the core pillars of the hip hop ethos: DJing, MCing, breaking, and graffiti.