Beatroot Records

Ambient is a form of electronic and electroacoustic music that prioritizes tone, atmosphere, and texture over conventional song structures and rhythmic drive. It typically features slow-moving harmonies, sustained drones, gentle timbral shifts, and extensive use of space and silence. Rather than drawing attention to itself through hooks or beats, ambient is designed to be as ignorable as it is interesting, rewarding both background listening and focused immersion. Artists often employ synthesizers, samplers, tape loops, field recordings, and subtle acoustic instruments, with reverb and delay creating a sense of place. Substyles range from luminous, consonant soundscapes to darker, more dissonant atmospheres.

Bass house is a strain of house music that pairs a four-on-the-floor groove with aggressive, highly designed basslines drawn from UK bass, bassline, and electro house. It typically runs around 124–130 BPM, emphasizing tight drum programming, swung garage-influenced shuffles, and drops centered on modulated mid-bass riffs and weighty subs. Producers favor gritty synth timbres, call-and-response bass phrases, minimal vocals (often chopped one-shots or rap ad-libs), and DJ-friendly intros/outros. The result is club-focused, high-impact music that bridges UK underground sensibilities with North American festival energy.

Bassline (often called bassline house or Niche) is a UK-born, high-energy offshoot of UK garage built around a driving 4x4 kick pattern and huge, modulated sub-bass riffs. Typically sitting around 135–140 BPM, tracks use swung garage percussion, choppy R&B or pop vocal cuts, and bright organ or synth stabs, all arranged for rapid-fire, DJ-friendly drops. The signature is the wobbling, LFO-driven bassline that converses with the drums in tightly looped 8- or 16-bar phrases. Culturally, the style is rooted in northern England club culture (notably Sheffield’s Niche), with MC-led sets, quick blends, and a focus on dancefloor tension-and-release.

Jungle is a fast, breakbeat-driven electronic music genre that emerged in the UK in the early 1990s. It is characterized by heavily chopped and re-sequenced funk drum breaks (most famously the Amen, Think, and Apache breaks), deep sub-bass rooted in reggae and dub, and frequent use of ragga and dancehall vocals. Typically around 160–175 BPM, jungle emphasizes syncopation, polyrhythms, ghost-note snare articulations, and swung grooves. Production often features time‑stretching artifacts, pitch‑shifting, rewinds, sirens, and dub‑style effects, creating a kinetic, raw, and rhythmic sound world. While closely related to drum and bass, jungle retains a distinct identity through its reggae/dancehall influence, looser and more chopped breakbeats, rough-and-ready sample aesthetics, and sound system culture sensibility.

Breakcore is a high-intensity electronic music genre built around hyper-edited breakbeats, extreme dynamics, and a deliberately transgressive, collage-like approach to sampling. It prioritizes rhythmic complexity, abrupt structural shifts, and heavy sound design over smooth continuity. Typical tempos range from 160 to 220 BPM (and beyond), with the Amen break, Think break, and other classic breakbeats chopped into micro-fragments, re-sequenced, and processed with distortion, compression, and glitch edits. The palette freely fuses elements from jungle and drum and bass with gabber kicks, industrial noise, classical or choral snippets, ragga vocals, metal guitar samples, and odd-meter patterns. More than a single “sound,” breakcore is a methodology: confrontational energy, maximalist editing, and anti-formalist structures that often subvert dance-music expectations. It thrives in DIY scenes, warehouse parties, and netlabel cultures, where forward-pushing experimentation and boundary-blurring sampling are central values.

Donk is a high-energy, tongue‑in‑cheek strain of UK bounce/hard dance that emerged in the North West of England. Its defining feature is a sharp, percussive, FM‑style "donk" bass hit placed on the offbeats, creating an instantly recognizable, bouncy groove. Typically running around 145–155 BPM, donk fuses 4‑to‑the‑floor hard house drums with trancey supersaw riffs, bright leads, and catchy, often cheeky vocal hooks or MC bars. The aesthetic is unabashedly fun and populist—bootlegs of pop songs, rave‑ready breakdowns, and big, hands‑in‑the‑air builds are common—making the style as much a social and regional scene as a studio sound.

Drum and bass (DnB) is a fast, rhythmically intricate form of electronic dance music centered on breakbeats at roughly 160–180 BPM and powerful, sub‑heavy basslines. It grew out of the UK’s early ’90s rave and jungle scenes, combining chopped funk breaks (most famously the Amen break), dub and reggae sound‑system aesthetics, hip‑hop sampling, and techno’s futurist sound design. Across its many substyles—liquid funk’s soulful harmonies, techstep and neurofunk’s cold, machine‑like bass engineering, jump‑up’s hooky bass riffs, atmospheric DnB’s pads and space—drum and bass remains a DJ‑oriented, dancefloor‑driven genre that prizes tight drum programming, deep low end, and precise arrangement for mixing.

Electronic is a broad umbrella genre defined by the primary use of electronically generated or electronically processed sound. It encompasses music made with synthesizers, drum machines, samplers, computers, and studio/tape techniques, as well as electroacoustic manipulation of recorded or synthetic sources. The genre ranges from academic and experimental traditions to popular and dance-oriented forms. While its sonic palette is rooted in electricity and circuitry, its aesthetics span minimal and textural explorations, structured song forms, and beat-driven club permutations. Electronic emphasizes sound design, timbre, and studio-as-instrument practices as much as melody and harmony.

Experimental music is an umbrella term for practices that prioritize exploration, process, and discovery over adherence to established genre norms. It embraces new sound sources, nonstandard tuning systems, indeterminacy and chance operations, graphic and open-form scores, extended techniques, and technology-led sound design (tape, electronics, computers, and live processing). Rather than a single style, it is a methodology and ethos: testing hypotheses about sound, structure, and performance, often blurring boundaries between composition, improvisation, sound art, and performance art. Listeners can expect unfamiliar timbres, unusual forms, and an emphasis on how music is made as much as the resulting sound.

Glitch hop blends the rhythmic foundations of hip hop with the sound-design ethos of glitch and IDM. It is characterized by half-time, head-nodding grooves, intricately edited drums, and meticulous digital processing such as stutter edits, bit-crushing, time-stretch artifacts, and granular slicing. Typically sitting around 80–110 BPM (often felt in half-time), the style emphasizes heavy, syncopated bass lines, swung percussion, and detailed micro-edits that create a "broken yet groovy" feel. While largely instrumental, it often incorporates vocal chops, turntable scratches, and foley textures to add human feel and narrative color.

Hip hop is a cultural and musical movement that emerged from Black, Latino, and Caribbean communities, centering around rapping (MCing), DJing/turntablism, sampling-based production, and rhythmic speech over beats. It prioritizes groove, wordplay, and storytelling, often reflecting the social realities of urban life. Musically, hip hop is built on drum-centric rhythms (from breakbeats to 808 patterns), looped samples, and bass-forward mixes. Lyrically, it ranges from party anthems and braggadocio to political commentary and intricate poetic forms, with flow, cadence, and rhyme density as core expressive tools. Beyond music, hip hop encompasses a broader culture, historically intertwined with graffiti, b-boying/b-girling (breakdance), fashion, and street entrepreneurship, making it both an art form and a global social language.

Neurofunk is a dark, technically intricate subgenre of drum and bass known for its surgically designed basslines, tense atmospheres, and highly engineered rhythm sections. Sitting around 170–175 BPM, it blends the relentless drive of techstep with futuristic sound design and a funk-influenced sense of groove. Producers sculpt evolving "neuro" basses using heavy resampling, modulation, distortion, and filtering, then weave them through precision-cut breakbeats and cinematic FX. The result is a high-pressure, sci‑fi aesthetic that feels both mechanical and organic—aggressive yet danceable, clinical yet funk-rooted.

Ragga (short for raggamuffin) is a digital-era branch of Jamaican dancehall that foregrounds electronic rhythms, heavy sub‑bass, and rapid‑fire toasting in Jamaican Patois. It typically uses drum machines, sampled or synthesized basslines, and minimal harmonic movement, creating spacious, hard‑hitting “riddims” over which multiple deejays deliver contrasting versions. The style crystallized in the mid‑1980s after the pivotal “Sleng Teng” riddim popularized fully digital production, ushering in a new sound that was simultaneously streetwise, club‑ready, and globally exportable. Lyrically, ragga ranges from party‑starting “slackness” and braggadocio to social commentary, and its vocal delivery combines singing, chanting, and MC‑style flows.

Raggatek (sometimes written as ragga tek or ragga tekno) is a high‑energy fusion of French hardtek/tekno and Jamaican ragga/dancehall vocals. It keeps the 4‑on‑the‑floor drive, distorted kicks, and relentless tempo of free‑party hardtek while sampling, chopping, or featuring live toasts inspired by reggae, ragga, and dancehall MC culture. Typical tempos range from about 170 to 190 BPM. The aesthetic comes from European sound system and teknival culture, with a party‑starting, rave‑oriented approach that foregrounds call‑and‑response vocals, off‑beat skank stabs, and gritty, overdriven sound design. The result is a style that is both aggressively percussive and unabashedly catchy, designed for peak‑time dance floors in warehouses, fields, and festivals.

Rave is a high-energy electronic dance music style and party culture that crystallized in the late 1980s in the United Kingdom, growing out of acid house nights and warehouse parties. Musically, it emphasizes relentless dance-floor momentum, big breakdowns and drops, bright "rave stabs" and hoover leads, chopped breakbeats or four-on-the-floor kicks, and euphoric vocal samples. While the word "rave" refers to the broader culture of all-night events, the genre tag often points to the early 1990s UK sound sometimes called hardcore rave or breakbeat hardcore: uptempo BPMs, Amen/Think breaks, 808/909 drums, M1 piano riffs, diva hooks, sirens, and airhorns. The mood ranges from ecstatic and communal to dark and intense, with DJ-friendly structures designed for long blends and peak-time rushes.

Ska is a Jamaican popular music style characterized by a brisk 4/4 groove, off‑beat guitar or piano upstrokes (the “skank”), walking bass lines, and punchy horn riffs. Emerging in late‑1950s Kingston dancehalls, ska fused local mento and calypso with American rhythm & blues and jazz, creating a lively sound that celebrated independence‑era optimism and street culture. Across time, ska evolved through distinct waves: the original Jamaican ska of the early 1960s, the racially integrated and politically aware 2 Tone movement in late‑1970s Britain, and the third‑wave explosion in the 1990s that blended ska with punk energy around the world.

Speed garage is a fast, bass-heavy strain of UK garage that emerged in the late 1990s. It is defined by a driving 4/4 kick, a distinctly swung/shuffled groove, and massive sub‑bass lines that borrow weight, timbre, and attitude from jungle and drum and bass. Typical tracks sit around 132–138 BPM, feature chopped and timestretched R&B or diva vocal snippets, organ house stabs, filter sweeps, and rude‑boy/dancehall samples. Compared with other UK garage styles, speed garage is tougher and more direct: straight four-on-the-floor drums, aggressive bass riffs, and sound system energy designed for big club rigs and rewind culture.

Techno is a four-on-the-floor, machine-driven form of electronic dance music that emerged in mid-to-late 1980s Detroit. It is characterized by steady 4/4 kick drums, repetitive and hypnotic rhythmic patterns, synthetic timbres, and an emphasis on texture, groove, and forward momentum over elaborate harmony. Producers typically use drum machines, sequencers, and synthesizers to build layered percussion, pulsing basslines, and evolving motifs. While often dark and minimalistic, techno spans a wide spectrum—from soulful, futuristic Detroit aesthetics to hard, industrially tinged European strains—yet it consistently prioritizes kinetic energy for dancefloors and a sense of machine futurism.

Trap is a subgenre of hip hop that emerged from the Southern United States, defined by half-time grooves, ominous minor-key melodies, and the heavy use of 808 sub-bass. The style is characterized by rapid, syncopated hi-hat rolls, crisp rimshot/clap on the backbeat, and cinematic textures that convey tension and grit. Lyrically, it centers on street economies, survival, ambition, and introspection, with ad-libs used as percussive punctuation. Production is typically minimal but hard-hitting: layered 808s, sparse piano or bell motifs, dark pads, and occasional orchestral or choir samples. Vocals range from gravelly, staccato deliveries to melodic, Auto-Tuned flows, often using triplet cadences.

Trip hop is a downtempo, atmospheric fusion of hip hop rhythm and sampling techniques with the textures of dub, soul, jazz, and ambient music. Emerging from the Bristol scene in the early 1990s, it favors slow, head‑nodding breakbeats, deep bass, and cinematic sound design. The style is characterized by moody harmonies (often in minor keys), woozy tape- and vinyl-derived timbres, and liberal use of delay and reverb. Vocals frequently alternate between intimate, breathy singing and spoken word/rap, and lyrical themes tend toward noir, introspective, and melancholic subjects. Strings, Rhodes pianos, turntable scratches, and field recordings are common, creating a shadowy, filmic vibe.

Hardcore (often called hardcore techno in its early form) is a fast, aggressive branch of electronic dance music characterized by heavily distorted, punchy 4/4 kick drums, tempos ranging from roughly 160 to well over 200 BPM, and a dark, high‑energy aesthetic. It emphasizes percussive drive over complex harmony, using clipped and saturated kick-bass sound design, sharp hi-hats, claps on the backbeat, and harsh synth stabs or screeches. Vocals, when present, are typically shouted hooks, sampled movie lines, or crowd chants processed with distortion and effects. Originating in the Netherlands in the early 1990s, the style quickly splintered into related scenes and subgenres such as gabber, happy hardcore, Frenchcore, terrorcore, speedcore, and later hardstyle. Its culture is closely associated with large-scale raves, specialized labels, and distinctive visual branding.

Hardtek (often written hard tekno) is a fast, hard-edged offshoot of the European free party/teknival scene, characterized by a pounding 4/4 kick, aggressive drive, and playful rave stabs or chopped samples. Typically running around 160–185 BPM, the style takes the distorted, body-moving kick-bass aesthetic of free tekno and pushes it toward a brighter, more animated and bouncy energy than gabber or Frenchcore. Tracks are built for large sound systems and outdoor festivals, with long DJ-friendly intros/outros, rolling percussion, and tension-and-release drops. Culturally, hardtek is tied to DIY sound systems, itinerant parties, and an anti-establishment ethos that values spontaneity, live performance, and community over commercial club culture.

Hard dance is an umbrella term for a family of high-energy club styles that fuse the drive of techno with the euphoria of trance and the punch of house. Emerging from the UK club circuit in the mid-to-late 1990s, it is characterized by tough 4/4 kicks, bold lead synths, acid lines, and big breakdowns that resolve into emphatic drops. Tempos typically sit around 135–150 BPM, with arrangements built for DJ mixing and peak-time momentum. The name commonly covers UK hard house, hard trance, hard NRG, and adjacent sounds that emphasized harder percussion, rolling basslines, and euphoric hooks while remaining distinctly dancefloor-focused.

Breaks is a broad electronic dance music style built around syncopated breakbeat drum patterns instead of a straight four-on-the-floor kick. It emphasizes sliced, rearranged, and layered drum breaks—often sampled from classic funk, hip hop, and early electro—combined with heavy sub-bass and club-ready arrangements. As a scene and label category, “breaks” crystallized in the UK in the late 1990s out of the rave continuum, alongside big beat and later “nu skool breaks.” While tempos usually range from roughly 125–140 BPM, the defining trait is the swung, shuffling, and fragmented rhythm that drives dancers with push–pull groove rather than rigid grid-based kicks. Breaks spans a spectrum from funky, party-oriented tracks to darker, techy, bass-heavy material (often called tech breaks). Across its variants, it remains DJ-friendly, sample-savvy, and grounded in the art of drum manipulation.

Arabic rap (often used interchangeably with Arabic hip hop) blends the core techniques of global hip hop—MCing, DJing/production, breaking, and graffiti culture—with the languages, rhythms, and melodies of the Arab world. Artists rap primarily in colloquial dialects (Darija/Moroccan Arabic, Egyptian Arabic, Levantine Arabic, Gulf Arabic) and often code‑switch with French or English. Production ranges from classic boom‑bap to modern trap, frequently incorporating Middle Eastern/North African percussion (darbuka, riq, bendir), maqam‑based riffs (Hijaz, Bayati, Kurd), Gnawa grooves, Rai/Chaabi textures, and Levantine dance rhythms. The result is a style that carries hip hop’s social commentary and storytelling while sounding unmistakably local. Lyrically, Arabic rap spans protest and political critique, street reportage, identity and diaspora, humor and wordplay, and increasingly pop‑leaning hooks and melodic autotuned refrains.