
Christelijk (Dutch for 'Christian') refers to the broad genre of Christian music produced in the Netherlands and Flanders (Belgium). It encompasses a wide variety of styles ranging from traditional hymns (psalms and gezangen) to modern Contemporary Christian Music (CCM), worship, pop, rock, and folk.
The genre is characterized by lyrics in the Dutch language that express Christian faith, praise, worship, and biblical themes. It serves as a key element in church services, youth events, and festivals, bridging the gap between secular musical trends and religious expression.
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The roots of Dutch Christian music lie in the 16th-century Reformation, with the Genevan Psalter becoming a staple of the Dutch Reformed tradition. For centuries, church music was dominated by organ-led congregational singing of psalms and traditional hymns.
In the 1960s and 70s, the landscape began to shift dramatically with the influence of the global 'Jesus People' movement. Folk duo Elly & Rikkert emerged from the hippie scene, bringing a fresh, acoustic sound to Christian storytelling. Simultaneously, the Stichting Opwekking (Revival Foundation) was established in 1970, launching the annual Opwekking conference and publishing a songbook ('Opwekkingsliederen') that would revolutionize Dutch worship by introducing translated international choruses and original Dutch praise songs.
The establishment of the EO-Jongerendag (Evangelical Broadcasting Youth Day) in 1975 provided a massive platform for Christian bands, further cementing the genre's popularity among youth. Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, the genre professionalized with the rise of Dutch CCM artists like Gerald Troost and the band Sela, which successfully blended modern pop/rock with traditional hymns and Irish folk influences. Today, the genre is vibrant, with a strong focus on congregational worship music led by collectives like Mozaiek and Opwekking.
Composing in the Christelijk style often involves prioritizing accessibility for congregational singing.
Lyrics: Focus on biblical narratives, personal testimonies of faith, or direct praise and worship. The language should be contemporary Dutch, though archaic phrasing is sometimes used for stylistic effect in hymn-like compositions.
Melody & Harmony: Melodies should be singable and memorable, often staying within a comfortable vocal range for groups. Harmonies typically follow standard pop or folk progressions (I-IV-V-vi), but can incorporate more complex choral arrangements.
Instrumentation: This varies by sub-genre. For 'Opwekking' style worship, use a full band setup (drums, bass, electric/acoustic guitar, keys). For folk-influenced groups like Sela, incorporate instruments like the violin, accordion, or tin whistle to create a warm, organic sound.