
Synthesizer (as a genre tag) refers to music that foregrounds the electronic synthesizer as the primary sound source, celebrating timbre design, sequenced patterns, and the tactile possibilities of analog and digital electronics.
It spans from early modular explorations and Moog/Buchla demonstrations to Berlin School sequences, space-age textures, and virtuosic keyboard reinterpretations of classical and popular repertoire. Emphasis is placed on sound design (oscillators, filters, envelopes, modulation), repeating motifs, and textural development, often with minimal lyrics or none at all.
While the instrument is used across countless styles, the "synthesizer" category highlights works where the identity, techniques, and sonorities of the synth itself are the core aesthetic focus.
Tape music and musique concrète laid the groundwork for studio-based sound construction, while early electronic studios (e.g., the RCA Mark II) explored tone generation and sequencing. The late 1950s and early 1960s saw the arrival of voltage-controlled modular systems (Moog, Buchla), which transformed electronic music from laboratory practice to performable instrument. Morton Subotnick’s "Silver Apples of the Moon" (1967) and Wendy Carlos’s "Switched-On Bach" (1968) demonstrated that synthesizers could be both experimental and popular.
Affordable monosynths and step-sequencers catalyzed a wave of synth-centered music. The Berlin School (Tangerine Dream, Klaus Schulze) emphasized long-form sequenced ostinati and evolving textures. Jean-Michel Jarre and Vangelis brought cinematic grandeur to mass audiences, while krautrock’s motorik pulse and Giorgio Moroder’s crystalline arpeggios integrated synthesizers into disco and pop.
Polyphonic synths and the introduction of MIDI (1983) normalized synth workflows. Though synth-pop dominated charts, a parallel current continued to spotlight the instrument itself—demonstration albums, new-age/space synth recordings, and virtuosic keyboard projects that foregrounded timbre sculpting, sequencing, and expressive control.
Virtual-analog hardware, soft-synths, and DAWs democratized access to synthesis. A modular renaissance (Eurorack) re-centered tactile patching, while synth-focused niches flourished alongside broader electronic scenes. Archival reissues and contemporary artists sustained interest in pure synthesizer aesthetics across ambient, experimental, and performance contexts.