Carolina Castilla

Dancehall is a Jamaican popular music style built around bass‑heavy, groove‑centric riddims and the vocal art of chatting or singjaying in Jamaican Patois. It emphasizes direct, energetic delivery, call‑and‑response hooks, and a party‑forward attitude, while also leaving space for sharp social commentary and witty wordplay. The genre is fundamentally riddim‑based: producers release instrumental tracks (riddims) that many different vocalists "voice" with their own songs. This culture encourages competitive creativity, rapid evolution of styles, and a constant stream of new versions. Tempos typically sit in the midtempo range, with syncopated kicks and snares and prominent sub‑bass. Since the mid‑1980s, digital drum machines and synths have defined much of dancehall’s sound, though live instrumentation and hybrid production are common too.

Speech is a non-music recording category focused on intelligible spoken language rather than melody, harmony, or meter. It encompasses political addresses, public announcements, news bulletins, commemorations, and other forms of formal oratory captured as audio. Unlike spoken word poetry or stand-up comedy, the emphasis in speech recordings is on clear rhetoric, message delivery, and documentary value. The production prioritizes intelligibility, natural prosody, and sonic transparency, often avoiding musical accompaniment so that content remains archival, reference-grade, and contextually faithful. From wax cylinders and shellac discs to radio tape, cassettes, digital broadcast, and streaming archives, speech has been a core use-case of audio media, preserving moments of civic life, cultural change, and history in their original voices.

AI (artificial intelligence) as a music genre refers to works in which machine-learning systems are central to generating, arranging, or performing core musical material, rather than being used only as peripheral studio tools. The style spans fully generative ambient soundscapes and pop songs written from text prompts, to voice-cloned performances and neural resynthesis of timbres. Stylistically it borrows from contemporary electronic and internet-born aesthetics (hyperpop, vaporwave, IDM, electropop), while foregrounding the uncanny, synthetic qualities of ML models. Beyond sonics, AI music is also a process-driven genre: datasets, prompts, model architectures, and iterative sampling are treated as creative choices on par with chords or instrumentation. Ethical and legal questions around training data, consent, and authorship are part of its identity and discourse.