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Oromo music refers to the traditional and modern musical expressions of the Oromo people, the largest ethnic group in Ethiopia, with communities also in Kenya. It encompasses ceremonial songs tied to the Gadaa socio-political system, work songs, lullabies, and vibrant dance music such as Sirba, as well as a contemporary pop stream that blends Oromo melodies with modern production. Musically, Oromo songs often use pentatonic scales common to wider Ethiopian traditions, cyclical ostinatos, call-and-response singing, and expressive vocal ornamentation. Core acoustic instruments include the krar (lyre), masenqo (one-string fiddle), washint (end-blown flute), and various drums (kebero), while modern acts incorporate guitar, keyboards, bass, drum kits, and programmed beats. Lyrically, performances in Afaan Oromo explore love, landscape, identity, social justice, and resilience, and they have frequently served as a vehicle for cultural affirmation and political commentary.