Native Brazilian Music, Volume 1

Southeastern Brazilian music refers to the rich web of popular and traditional styles that crystallized in the urban centers of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, and Espírito Santo. It encompasses historic genres such as choro and samba, mid‑century developments like bossa nova and MPB, and late‑20th‑century urban forms including funk carioca and hip hop. Rhythmically, it fuses African‑diasporic percussion with European song forms and harmony. Instrumentation ranges from cavaquinho, pandeiro, surdo, cuíca, tamborim, bandolim, and flute in choro/samba ensembles to nylon‑string guitar, jazz‑leaning piano/bass/drums in bossa nova and MPB, and 808‑driven beats and sampling in funk carioca and São Paulo rap. Harmonically, the region is noted for both the contrapuntal elegance of choro and the sophisticated extended‑chord vocabulary of bossa nova and MPB. Culturally, carnival, samba schools, radio, and the recording industry helped project these sounds nationwide and globally.