Music Pakistan: Folk Music لوک موسیقی

Sufiana Kalam (also called Sufiana Mousiqi) is the classical Sufi music tradition of the Kashmir Valley. It blends Persian maqam-based melody with local Kashmiri vocal aesthetics and devotional poetry, producing an inward-looking, contemplative music aimed at spiritual refinement. Performances typically feature an ensemble with santoor (hammered dulcimer), saz-e-Kashmir or sehtar (long‑necked lute), sarangi (bowed lute), and a clay goblet drum known as the wasool, with voices carrying melismatic lines in Kashmiri, Persian, and Urdu. The repertoire sets mystical verse—hamd, naʿt, manqabat, and ghazal—within modal frameworks and cyclical rhythms, cultivating a gentle but purposeful sense of trance and devotion.