Калмыцкий героический эпос Джангар (Kalmyk Heroic Epos Jangar)

Kalmyk music is the traditional music of the Kalmyk people (Western Mongolic/Oirat) who settled in the Lower Volga steppe. It combines steppe epic singing, dance songs, and Buddhist ritual chant, expressed through pentatonic melodies, flexible meter, and storytelling. Characteristic timbres come from the Oirat two‑string lute (tovshuur), the horsehead fiddle (morin khuur), jaw harp (khel khuur/khomus), and frame or temple drums used in ritual contexts. Vocals move between declamatory epic recitation and ornamented sustained lines with melisma and open-throated resonance. During the 20th century, Soviet-era folk ensembles added accordion (bayan), clarinet, and folk-orchestra textures to arrange local tunes for stage performance.